Estimation of evolutionary distances between homologous nucleotide sequences.
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Estimation of evolutionary distances between homologous nucleotide sequences.
By using two models of evolutionary base substitutions--"three-substitution-type" and "two-frequency-class" models--some formulae are derived which permit a simple estimation of the evolutionary distances (and also the evolutionary rates when the divergence times are known) through comparative studies of DNA (and RNA) sequences. These formulae are applied to estimate the base substitution rates...
متن کاملEstimation of evolutionary distance between nucleotide sequences.
A mathematical formula for estimating the average number of nucleotide substitutions per site (delta) between two homologous DNA sequences is developed by taking into account unequal rates of substitution among different nucleotide pairs. Although this formula is obtained for the equal-input model of nucleotide substitution, computer simulations have shown that it gives a reasonably good estima...
متن کاملEstimating Evolutionary Distances between Sequences
These notes accompany a lecture at the summer school on mathematics for bioinformatics, Centre de Recherches Mathematiques, Montreal, August 2003. I develop basic Markov models for sequence evolution and show how these may be used to estimate evolutionary divergences between sequences. I then discuss extensions of the basic model to situations where the evolutionary rate varies over time and fo...
متن کاملUnbiased estimation of evolutionary distance between nucleotide sequences.
A new algorithm for estimating the number of nucleotide substitutions per site (i.e., the evolutionary distance) between two nucleotide sequences is presented. This algorithm can be applied to many estimation methods, such as Jukes and Cantor's method, Kimura's transition/transversion method, and Tajima and Nei's method. Unlike ordinary methods, this algorithm is always applicable. Numerical co...
متن کاملFactors affecting the errors in the estimation of evolutionary distances between sequences.
Phylogenetic methods that use matrices of pairwise distances between sequences (e.g., neighbor joining) will only give accurate results when the initial estimates of the pairwise distances are accurate. For many different models of sequence evolution, analytical formulae are known that give estimates of the distance between two sequences as a function of the observed numbers of substitutions of...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
سال: 1981
ISSN: 0027-8424,1091-6490
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.78.1.454